A microsporangium wall (PO:0025307) that is part of an anther (PO:0009066).
Has an outer epidermis (exothecium) and an endothecium and may have additional layers. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A plant structure (PO:0005679) which is a whole organism.
Examples include plant embryo (PO:0009009), megagametophyte (PO:0025279) and microgametophyte (PO:0025280).
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a cotyledon anlagen (PO:0025432) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a cotyledon (PO:0020030).
portion of cotyledon primordium tissue (exact)
primordio de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact)
A root primordium (PO:0005029) that is part of a root (PO:0009005) and is committed to the development of a lateral root (PO:0020121).
portion of lateral root primordium tissue (exact)
primordio de ra&#237z lateral (Spanish, exact)
A lateral root primordium may arise from cells of a pericycle (PO:0006203) in a root, as in most seed plants (pericyclic lateral root primordium; PO:0025492), or from cells of an endodermis (PO:0000252) or other tissue in ferns and some seed plants (non-pericyclic lateral root primordium: PO:0025493). Transition from lateral root primordium to lateral root occurs with the formation of a root cap (PO:0020123), shortly after the development of a root apical meristem (PO:0020147), which can occur before the lateral root penetrates the exterior of the parent root.
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a vascular leaf anlagen (PO:0025431) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025).
portion of vascular leaf primordium tissue (exact)
A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an ovule (PO:0020003).
portion of ovule primordium tissue (exact)
The transition from ovule primordium to ovule occurs when an integument (PO:0020021) begins to develop from the protoderm (PO:0006210).
A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of a gynoecium (PO:0009062).
portion of gynoecium primordium tissue (exact)
Use carpel primordium (PO:0004703) for the primordium (PO:0025127) of an individual carpel (PO:0009030).
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a petal anlagen (PO:0025484) and is committed to the development of a petal (PO:0009032).
portion of petal primordium tissue (exact)
primordio de p&#233talo (Spanish, exact)
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) which is the apical portion of the root (PO:0009005), and includes the root apical meristem (PO:0020147) and root cap (PO:0020123).
A collective organ part structure composed of two or more layers of various tissues that is a partition that divides a cavity formed by the fusion of two or more organs.
A septum is formed by the fusion of the walls of two adjacent organs (ovary walls or anther walls), for example, the partition between two sections of an orange, seen in cross-section.
A valve that is a part of a fruit that splits apart when the fruit dehisces.
A valve may develop from an entire carpel (as in Brassicaceae) or from part of a carpel (as in Fabaceae). If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to the specific type of fruit (PO:0009001), such as achene fruit (PO:0030107), berry fruit (PO:0030108), capsule fruit (PO:0030091), caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104), drupe fruit (PO:0030103), follicle fruit (PO:0030105), legume fruit (PO:0030100), nut fruit (PO:0030102), samara fruit (PO:0030099), schizocarp fruit (PO:0030098), silique fruit (PO:0030106), or their subclasses, depending on the species.
A shoot axis (PO:0025029) that is the most distal part of a shoot system (PO:0009006) and has as parts a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and the youngest primordia (PO:0025127).
&#225pice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
Cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and two polar nuclei of the central cell (or diploid secondary endosperm nucleus, in cases where two polar nuclei fuse together before double fertilization). The first cell of the endosperm, often triploid.
c&#233lula primaria del endosperma (Spanish, exact)
A root (PO:0009005) that develops from shoot axis (PO:0025029) tissue.
epiblasto (epiblastema) que se origina en la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
A root (PO:0009005) that is initiated in a developing plant embryo (PO:0009009).
ra&#237z embri&#243nica (Spanish, exact)
An undeveloped shoot system (PO:0009006).
An plant epidermal initial cell (PO:0000349) that undergoes several rounds of uneven division, each time giving rise to a larger daughter cell that differentiates into an epidermal ground cell and a smaller daughter cell that remains meristematic, until the meristematic cell (PO:0004010) differentiates into a guard mother cell (PO:0000351).
inicial estom&#225tica (meristemoide inicial) (Spanish, exact)
A parenchyma cell (PO:0000074) that is adjacent to a sieve tube element (PO:0000289) and arises from the same phloem mother cell (PO:0000400) as the sieve tube element.
c&#233lula acompa&#241iante (Spanish, exact)
Companion cells are connected to sieve tube elements through plasmodesmata and function in phloem loading of small molecules, including photosynthate (either sucrose or raffinose-family oligosaccharides). May participate in phloem sucrose loading (GO:0009915). Molecules can be loaded into the companion cells from surrounding cells through either symplastic (via plasmodesmata) or apoplastic (transmembrane) transport. Unlike sieve tube elements, companion cells retain their nuclei and other organelles at maturity. A sieve tube element may have one or more or no companion cells associated with it. This term should not be used for other types of parenchyma cells (PO:0000074) that do not arise from the same phloem mother cell as a sieve tube element. Companion cells are found in angiosperms, as compared to albuminous cells (PO:0025412), which are found in non-angiosperm vascular plants. Companion cells may be specialized as transfer companion cells (PO:0025458), ordinary companion cells (PO:0025459), or intermediary companion cells (PO:0025460). Multiple types of companion cells may be found in the same plant.
A relatively unspecialized ground tissue cell with a nucleate protoplast.
c&#233lula parenquim&#225tica (Spanish, exact)
An elongated plant cell with unevenly thickened non-lignified primary walls that is alive at maturity.
c&#233lula colenquim&#225tica (Spanish, exact)
A ground tissue cell (PO:0025030) with a lignified secondary cell wall.
c&#233lula esclerenquim&#225tica (Spanish, exact)
May be dead at maturity. The secondary cell wall of a sclerenchyma cell is often thicker than other cell types in the same plant structure, but it is not always easy to distinguish from tracheary elements (PO:0000290) or sclerified parenchyma cells (PO:0000074). Compare with collenchyma cells (PO:0000075) that are always alive at maturity, have irregularly thickened primary cell walls, and do not have lignified secondary cell walls. Collenchyma cells provides flexibility while sclerenchyma cells provide hardness. Sclerenchyma cells include plant fiber cells (PO:0025407) and sclerid cells (PO:0025418).
A gamete (PO:0025006) produced by an antheridium (PO:0025125) or a microgametophyte (PO:0025280).
c&#233lula esperm&#225tica o esperma (Spanish, exact)
The sperm cell is usually smaller than the egg cell. Male gametes may be defined as the motile gamete, rather than the smaller gamete. Plant sperm cells lack a cell wall.
A portion of shoot system epidermis (PO:0006035) that is part of a shoot axis (PO:0025029).
epidermis del eje del tallo (Spanish, exact)
A shoot epidermal cell (PO:0025165) that surrounds a trichome (PO:0000282) and provides its support.
cell located at the base of the trichome (related)
Cell, usually two in number, in the micropylar end of the embryo sac of angiosperms associated with the egg in the egg apparatus.
A portion of shoot system epidermis (PO:0006035) that is part of a nectary (PO:0009035) .
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) which is the organogenic region of the meristem, characterized by higher rates of cell division.
A portion of reproductive shoot apical meristem tissue (PO:0008028) that gives rise to the floral organs (PO:0025395).
In Zea mays and other grasses, the floret meristem is part of a spikelet and develops into a specific type of floret. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the spikelet type that the meristem is part of. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet (PO:0009051), ear spikelet (PO:0006320), ear pedicellate spikelet (PO:0006348), ear sessile spikelet (PO:0006349), tassel spikelet (PO:0006309), tassel pedicellate spikelet (PO:0006312), tassel sessile spikelet (PO:0006311).
A meristem that gives rise to an inflorescence.
meristema de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact)
A root epidermal cell (PO:0025164) that develops from a trichoblast (PO:0000262) and has as part a root hair (GO:0035618).
c&#233lula del pelo de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
Compare with non-hair root epidermal cell (PO:0000263). This term is for an entire epidermal cell that contains a root hair extension. To describe only the cell extension, see root hair (GO:0035618) or root hair tip (GO:0035619).
A root epidermal cell (PO:0025164) that is the smaller cell produced by the asymmetric division of an epidermal intial cell (PO:0000349) and gives rise to a root hair (GO:0035618).
A root epidermal cell (PO:0025164) that develops from an epidermal initial (PO:0000349) and does not have as part a root hair (GO:0035618).
Compare to root hair cell (PO:0000256), which develops from a trichoblast (PO:0000262).
A portion of primary xylem (PO:0000272) tissue that has as part one or more protoxylem tracheary elements (PO:0025575) embedded in parenchyma (PO:0005421) tissue.
Develops while the vascular tissue (PO:0009015) is still elongating. When protoxylem tracheary elements (PO:0025575) are destroyed they may become obliterated by surrounding parenchyma cells (PO:0000074). Protoxylem has smaller elements than the metaxylem (PO:0000372).
A unicellular or multicellular plant structure (PO:0009011) that forms a non-sclerified outgrowth from the epidermis (PO:0005679).
This class is the union of unicellular trichome (PO:0025537) and multicellular trichome (PO:0025162). A trichome can vary in length and shape and may be branched or unbranched. It may be glandular or non-secretory.
A sieve element (PO:0025406) that is part of a sieve tube (PO:0025416) and has as parts sieve areas aggregated into sieve plates (GO:0097218).
miembro del tubo criboso (Spanish, exact)
Sieve tube elements have sieve areas that are specialized into those with wide pores in sieve plates and those with narrow pores in lateral sieve areas. Sieve tube elements may have inclined end walls with compound or simple sieve plates. Typical of angiosperms. Differ from sieve cells (PO:0025415), which have less pronounced specialization of sieve areas and no sieve plates.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that has a lignified cell wall with secondary thickening and bordered pits.
Tracheary elements are dead at maturity, are more or less elongated, and have pits of various types in the cell wall. Tracheary elements function in the conduction of water and dissolved substances such as mineral nutrients from the roots to the shoot system. Tracheary elements can be distinguished from fiber cells (PO:0025407) by the presence of bordered pits, although there are intermediate forms called fiber tracheids (PO:0000355).
A shoot epidermal cell (PO:0025165) that is one of a pair of cells flanking the stomatal pore (PO:0008032).
They cause the opening and closing of the pore by changes in turgor.
A shoot epidermal cell (PO:0025165) that is relatively unspecialized at maturity.
c&#233lula del pavimento epidermal (Spanish, exact)
May have sinuous anticlinal cell walls that overall give a jigsaw like appearance to the epidermis. Pavement cells are epidermal cells that are not directly associated with a stomatal complex or trichome at maturity, but they share similar developmental origins.
An initial cell (PO:0004011) that is part of an plant epidermis (PO:0005679) and gives rise to specialized cells.
c&#233lula inicial de la epidermis (Spanish, exact)
A shoot epidermal cell (PO:0025165) that divides to produce the guard cells (PO:0000293).
c&#233lula madre de la c&#233lula guardiana (Spanish, exact)
A portion of primary xylem (PO:0005849) tissue that has as part one or more metaxylem tracheary elements (PO:0025576) embedded in parenchyma (PO:0005421) tissue and may contain xylem fiber cells (PO:0000274).
Metaxylem has larger tracheary elements (PO:0000290) than the protoxylem (PO:0000272), and develops after the formation of the protoxylem, once elongation of the plant axis (PO:0025004) has completed.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) which is a whole plant (PO:0000003) in the plant zygote stage (PO:0001097).
A plant zygote is a whole plant that is a single cell formed by fertilization (syngamy).
A sporocyte (PO:0006204) that produces four haploid (1n) megaspores (PO:0020019).
If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352).
A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that has as primary participant a inflorescence (PO:0009049).
A sporophyte development stage (PO:0007134) that occurs during the interval between fertilization and the first cell division of the plant zygote (PO:0000423).
Precedes the sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134). Refers to the GO biological process term fertilization (GO:0009566).
A portion of shoot system epidermis (PO:0006035) that has as parts two guard cells (PO:0000293) and a stomatal pore (PO:0008032). May also contain subsidiary cells (PO:0000284).
complejo estom&#225tico (Spanish, exact)
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is the lower-most cell formed after the first division of the plant zygote (PO:0000423) and is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009).
The zygote divides to form an embryo apical cell and an embryo basal cell.
A tracheary element (PO:0000290) that is part of a xylem vessel (PO:0025417) and has as parts perforation plates.
Commonly thick walled, with pointed ends and bordered pits that have lenticular to slit-like apertures. If both libriform fibers (PO:0004520) and fiber tracheids are present, the libriform fibers usually have thicker walls. Fiber tracheids have bordered pits with smaller pit cavities than the vessel members (PO:0002003) or tracheids (PO:0000301) of the same wood and a distinct pit cavity leading from the pit cavity to the cell lumen through the thick cell wall.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall.
c&#233lula meristem&#225tica (Spanish, exact)
A meristematic cell (PO:0004010) that by division gives rise to two cells, one of which remains meristematic, while the other is added to the plant body.
Initial cells are often part of a portion of tissue that is composed mostly of somewhat older, differentiating cells. The division of an initial cell is often uneven, with the smaller daughter cell remaining meristematic.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a portion of epidermis (PO:0005679).
c&#233lula epid&#233rmica (Spanish, exact)
A trichome that develops from seed coat epidermis.
A portion of placenta tissue (PO:0025078) that is part of a fruit (PO:0009001) and to which seeds (PO:0009010) are attached.
If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to the specific type of fruit (PO:0009001), such as achene fruit (PO:0030107), berry fruit (PO:0030108), capsule fruit (PO:0030091), caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104), drupe fruit (PO:0030103), follicle fruit (PO:0030105), legume fruit (PO:0030100), nut fruit (PO:0030102), samara fruit (PO:0030099), schizocarp fruit (PO:0030098), silique fruit (PO:0030106), or their subclasses, depending on the species.
A shoot system that is initiated from a shoot.
sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) que nace en el epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a carpel anlagen (PO:0006005) and is committed to the development of a carpel (PO:0009030).
portion of carpel primordium tissue (exact)
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a sepal anlagen (PO:0025485) and is committed to the development of a sepal (PO:0009031).
portion of sepal primordium tissue (exact)
primordio de s&#233palo (Spanish, exact)
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a stamen anlagen (PO:0025486) and is committed to the development of a stamen (PO:0009029).
portion of stamen primordium tissue (exact)
A bud (PO:0000055) that develops from an axillary bud meristem (PO:0000232).
A septum (PO:0000030) that is part of an anther dehiscence zone (PO:0005011).
A dehiscence zone (PO:0025092) that is part of an anther (PO:0009066).
zona de dehiscencia de la antera (Spanish, exact)
Extends along the entire length of the anther and is observed as an indentation between the locules of each theca. Upon anther maturation, cell separation within the dehiscence zone allows the anther wall to break open and pollen to be released.
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is composed of plant ovary outer epidermis (PO:0005023), plant ovary inner epidermis (PO:0005024), and a plant ovary wall middle layer (PO:0005025)
A primordium (PO:0025127) that develops from a root anlagen (PO:0025433) and is committed to the development of a root (PO:0009005).
portion of root primordium tissue (exact)
A root primordium may arise from cells of a pericycle (PO:0006203) in a root in most seed plant (pericyclic lateral root primordium; PO:0025492), from cells of an endodermis (PO:0000252) in ferns and some seed plants (non-pericyclic lateral root primordium: PO:0025493), or from cells of a shoot axis (PO:0025029), in the case of a basal root primordium (PO:0025479) or shoot-borne root primordium (PO:0025480). Transition from root primordium to root occurs with the formation of a root cap (PO:0020123), shortly after the development of a root apical meristem (PO:0020147).
A portion of vascular tissue (PO:0009015) that has as part one or more tracheary elements (PO:0000290).
Functions in the translocation of water and solutes from roots (PO:0009005) to the shoot system (PO:0009006) and in support. Tracheary elements have lignified cell walls with secondary thickening and are dead at maturity.
A portion of vascular tissue (PO:0009015) that has as parts sieve elements (PO:0025406).
Functions in the conduction of organic substances in vascular plants.
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) composed of polyhedral cells typically with thin, non-lignified cellulosic cell walls and nucleate, living protoplasts.
portion of parenchymatous tissue (exact)
Parenchyma contains relatively unspecialized cells.
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) which comprises living tissue composed of more or less elongated cells with thick, non-lignified primary cell walls.
Chloroplast-containing parenchyma tissue.
The chloroplast-containing, photosynthetic parenchymatous tissue situated between the two epidermal layers of the foliage leaf.
mes&#243filo de la hoja (Spanish, exact)
If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf (PO:0009025) or non-vascular leaf (PO:0025075), depending on the species. All annotations for angiosperms, gymnosperms, and pteridophytes should go to vascular leaf and all annotations for bryophytes should go to non-vascular leaf.
Parenchyma containing closely packed elongated chlorenchymatous cells oriented perpendicular to the leaf surface and which are active in photosynthesis.
mes&#243filo en empalizada (Spanish, exact)
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that form specialized structures producing a secretion.
porci&#243n del tejido secretor (Spanish, exact)
The synonym gland does not imply non-secretory 'glands'.
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) composed of plant epidermal cells (PO:0004013) that develops from the protoderm (PO:0006210) and covers the surface of a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The epidermis can be composed of one or more layers of cells. In some species of vascular plants, the epidermis, which is a primary tissue, is replaced by periderm, which is secondary tissue, later in development. The epidermis can also include trichomes, stomatal pores, root hairs, and rhizoids.
A portion of parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces of schizogenous or lysigenous origin.
As applied to an intercellular space, originating by one or a combination of two processes, separation and degradation of cell walls.
A portion of xylem (PO:0005352) tissue that develops from the procambium (PO:0025275).
Primary xylem develops as part of primary growth (request for primary growth has been made to GO) and is not differentiated into axial (PO:0025410) and ray (PO:0025411) systems. Tracheary elements (PO:0000290) have lignified cell walls with secondary thickening and are dead at maturity.
A lateral plant organ (PO:0009008) produced by a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148).
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a carpel primordium (PO:0004703) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229).
An archesporial cell (PO:0030056) that is part of a microsporangium (PO:0025202) and divides to gives rise to a microsporocyte (PO:0020047).
c&#233lula masculina arquesporial (Spanish, exact)
Found in heterosporous ferns and seed plants. May also give rise to sterile cells. In seed plants, a male archesporial cell undergoes periclinal division, giving rise to an inner primary sporogenous cell layer and an outer primary parietal cell.
An archesporial cell (PO:0030056) that is part of a megasporangium (PO:0025201) and divides to give rise to a megasporocyte (PO:0000431).
c&#233lula femenina arquesporial (Spanish, exact)
Found in heterosporous ferns and seed plants. May also give rise to sterile cells. In the majority of flowering plants, including Arabidopsis, the female archesporial cell elongates and polarizes longitudinally, and directly differentiates into the megasporocyte or megaspore mother cell. In some flowering plants, it undergoes a periclinal division, and subsequently the inner cell differentiates into the megasporocyte.
A portion of phyllome epidermis (PO:0025157) that is part of a leaf (PO:0025034).
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) which comprises a layer or layers of cells surrounding the vascular bundles (PO:0005020) of leaves. It may consist of parenchyma (PO:0005421) or sclerenchyma (PO:0005427).
A portion of plant epidermis (PO:0005679) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006) and arises from the meristem L1 layer (PO:0009020).
epidermis del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
Often interrupted by stomatal complexes (PO:0002000) and other structures. The shoot system epidermis is different from the root epidermis (PO:0006036) in its origin, function and structure.
A portion of plant epidermis (PO:0005679) that is part of a root (PO:0009005).
epidermis de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
The root epidermis is different from the shoot epidermis in its origin, function and structure.
A portion of root epidermis (PO:0006036) that is part of a shoot-borne root (PO:0000042).
epidermis de la ra&#237z adventicia (Spanish, exact)
A portion of phyllome epidermis (PO:0025157) that is part of a sepal (PO:0009031).
epidermis del s&#233palo (Spanish, exact)
A portion of phyllome epidermis (PO:0025157) that is part of a petal (PO:0009032).
epidermis del p&#233talo (Spanish, exact)
A portion of plant epidermis (PO:0005679) that is part of an plant ovule integument (PO:0020021).
epidermis del integumento (Spanish, exact)
A portion of plant epidermis (PO:0005679) that is part of a seed coat (PO:0009088).
epidermis de la cubierta de la semilla (Spanish, exact)
A portion of stamen epidermis (PO:0025097) that is part of a filament (PO:0009067).
epidermis del filamento (Spanish, exact)
A portion of plant epidermis (PO:0005679) that is part of an plant ovary wall (PO:0005022).
The chloroplast-containing, photosynthetic parenchymatous tissue situated between the two epidermal layers of the leaf or leaf like organs.
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006).
meristema del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that gives rise to a root (PO:0009005).
meristema de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) is formed by the division of the male archesporial initial. After several mitotic divisions these cells differentiate into pollen mother cells.
c&#233lula espor&#243gena primaria (Spanish, exact)
A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an anther (PO:0009066).
portion of anther primordium tissue (exact)
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) which is diploid (2n), and undergoes meiosis (GO:0007126) to produce four haploid (1n) plant spores (PO:0025017).
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is the outer layer of an apical meristem (PO:0020144), or the outer layer of a plant embryo proper (PO:0000001), and gives rise to a portion of epidermis (PO:0005679).
A protoderm may or may not arise from independent initial cells (PO:0004011). Some researchers also refer to it as an epidermis in a meristematic state.
A shoot system (PO:0009006) that develops from an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362).
sistema axilar primario (Spanish, exact)
A shoot-borne shoot system (PO:0004545) that develops from an axillary bud (PO:0004709).
sistema axilar del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003).
Solanaceae whole plant growth stages (SGN:0000001) (related)
cereal plant growth stage ontology (GRO:0007199) (related)
maize growth stage (GRO:0007002) (related)
plant growth stages in Arabidopsis (TAIR:0000021) (related)
rice growth stage (GRO:0007040) (related)
sorghum growth stage (GRO:0007124) (related)
wheat, barley and oat growth stage (GRO:0007156) (related)
A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of vegetative tissues and organs.
meristema vegetativo apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of reproductive tissues and organs.
meristema apical reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is part of a multicellular trichome (PO:0000282).
A whole plant (PO:0000003) in the seedling development stage (PO:0007131).
A young plant derived from a newly germinated seed, up until the development of the first true leaf.
A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity may have as parts one or more seeds (PO:0009010).
A fruit (PO:0009001) may contain additional plant structures (PO:0009011) that were part of a flower (PO:0009046) and mature along with the gynoecium, such as a receptacle (PO:0009064). A fruit may develop without fertilization in cases of parthenocarpy, apomixis, or other hormone-induced conditions and may not always contain seeds (PO:0009010). When annotating to fruit (PO:0009001) that are referred to as ‘aggregate’, ‘multiple’, or ‘compound’, please annotate directly to the appropriate plant structure, such as receptacle, hypanthium (PO:0009065) or infructescence (PO:0006342). Fruits only occur in angiosperms.
A cell which is a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Applies to cells that are living or dead at maturity (e.g., fiber cell or tracheid) and includes any external encapsulating structures (if present) such as the plasma membrane and the plant-type cell wall. Definition of cell GO:0005623: "The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope". GO:0009505. Definition of plant-type cell wall (GO:0009505): A more or less rigid structure lying outside the cell membrane of a cell and composed of cellulose and pectin and other organic and inorganic substances, synonym; exact: cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall.
A plant axis (PO:0025004) that lacks shoot axis nodes (PO:0005004) and usually grows indeterminately.
Roots function in the absorption of water and inorganic nutrients, anchoring the plant body to the substrate and supporting it, storage of food and nutrients, and vegetative reproduction. The roots of most vascular plant species enter into symbiosis with soil-borne microorganisms. Roots are usually positively geotropic and found underground, although there are many exceptions such as the aerial roots of orchids. Roots often form secondary thickening from the root lateral meristem (PO:0006308). Commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the plant body, along with the shoot axis (PO:0025029) and leaves (PO:0025034).
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that produces shoot-borne portions of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) and the plant structures (PO:0009011) that arise from them.
sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
The shoot system is generally used to refer to the above-ground plant parts, although some plants have parts of their shoot system underground. For example, a rhizome (PO:0004542), bulb (PO:0025356), a corm (PO:0025355) or a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547), as in Solanum tuberosum (potato) or yam, are all part of the shoot system.
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that consists predominantly of similarly specialized plant cells (PO:0009002) of one or more types.
porci&#243n de un tejido vegetal (Spanish, exact)
A portion of plant tissue may contain one or several types of cells that are organized in a specific spatial arrangement into a structural unit (which includes a mass of callus) and may include an intercellular matrix. May include other types of isolated cells, such as idioblasts.
A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that is a functional unit, is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types that derive from a common developmental path.
Examples include stem (PO:0009047), leaf (PO:0025034), and root (PO:0009005). May include individual plant cells (PO:0009002) that are not part of a portion of plant tissue (e.g., idioblasts, PO:0000283). A plant organ may have one or more different plant organs as parts, such as a sporophyll (PO:0009026) that may have as part a sporangium (PO:0025094) or a carpel (PO:0009030) that may have as part a plant ovule (PO:0020003).
A whole plant (PO:0000003) that participates in the plant embryo stage (PO:0007631).
A plant embryo is generally formed after the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423), but in the case of a nucellar (adventitious) plant embryo (PO:0004537), somatic plant embryo (PO:0025302), microspore-derived cultured plant embryo (PO:0025305), and other embryos that arise through apogamy, it begins after the division of a single cell that is not a zygote. The end of the embryo stage varies among taxa; the beginning of a seed germination stage (PO:0007057) in seed plants, formation of the first vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in pteridophytes, the beginning of development of a sporangium (PO:0025094) in bryophytes, or the beginning of the formation of a plant organ (PO:0009008) such as a root (PO:0009005), shoot axis (PO:0025029), or vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in a cultured plant embryo (PO:0000010).
A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a plant ovule (PO:0020003) and has as parts a plant embryo (PO:0009009) enclosed in a seed coat (PO:0009088).
A seed generally develops from an ovule (PO:0020003) after fertilization, but may develop without fertilization in the case of apogamy (e.g., adventitious embryos or somatic embryos). A seed is a reproductive unit of seed plants (gymnosperms, angiosperms, and fossil pteridosperms).
A plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) that is, or was, part of a plant, or was derived from a part of a plant.
'Part' includes both proper parts and the whole plant. CARO:0000003 'connected anatomical structure' is defined as: Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape, generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome.
A stage in the life of a plant structure (PO:0009011) during which the plant structure undergoes developmental processes.
etapa de desarrollo de estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact)
plant growth and development stage (exact)
Refers to GO:0032502 'developmental process', which includes growth, differentiation, and senescence, and BFO:0000003 'ocurrent'.
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) in which plant cells (PO:0009002) have retained their embryonic characteristics, or have reverted to them secondarily, and that divide to produce new cells that can undergo differentiation to form mature tissues, i.e. they have a capacity for morphogenesis and growth.
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that has as part one or more tracheary elements (PO:0000290) or sieve elements (PO:0025406).
porci&#243n de tejido vascular (Spanish, exact)
Functions in conduction and support. In shoot axes (PO:0025029), vascular tissue is often found as part of a shoot axis stele (PO:0025198) or as scattered vascular bundles (PO:0005020). May include other types of tissues or cells, such as parenchyma (PO:0005421) or fiber cells (PO:0025407).
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is the outermost layer of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and gives rise to a shoot system epidermis (PO:0006035).
The cells of the meristem L1 layer divide in a strictly anticlinical fashion.
A leaf (PO:0025034) in a vascular plant.
Has vascular tissue. From APweb Glossary: In angiosperms, commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the seed plant body, a structure usually of determinate growth, without secondary thickening, and of superficial origin, often flattened and photosynthetic in part, and in the axil of which is found a bud. Occurs in the sporophytic phase of a plant life cycle.
A leaf-like organ on which one or more sporangia are borne.
A structure upon which (or in the axil of which) one or more megasporangia are borne; in flowering plants, a carpel.
A structure on which one or more microsporangia are borne; in flowering plants, the stamen.
A microsporophyll bearing one or more microsporangia.
A megasporophyll, almost always at the center of a flower, its margins more or less fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule(s).
In some cases, a gynoecium (PO:0009062) may consist of only one carpel, in which case annotations should go on carpel (PO:0009030). The word pistil is used synonymously with gynoecium, but if a gynoecium consists of a single carpel, then pistil may be used synonymously with carpel. If carpels are fused, the gynoecium is a syncarpous gynoecium, as in Poaceae, Brassicaceae and Solanaceae. If carpels are free, the gynoecium is an apocarpous gynoecium, as in Fabaceae. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is usually green, and is part of the calyx (PO:0009060).
In some species the sepals (PO:0009031) may not be green for example many members of the Liliaceae family.
A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is part of the corolla (PO:0009059), and is usually colored (not green).
In some species the petal (PO:0009032) may not be colored.
A portion of secretory tissue (PO:0005656) which is a multicellular glandular structure secreting a liquid containing organic substances, including sugars.
A determinate reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as part at least one carpel (PO:0009030) or at least one stamen (PO:0009029) and does not contain any other determinate shoot system (PO:0009006) as a part.
The characteristic reproductive structure of angiosperms. May have as part one or more petals, sepals or tepals. May contain one or more pistillode (PO:0009078), staminode (PO:0009077) or other aborted organs that don't show up in mature form.
A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as parts all of the shoot axes (PO:0025029) and flowers (PO:0009046; must have two or more) distal to the most distal leaf (PO:0009025).
An inflorescence is a reproductive shoot system from which at least two flowers develop. The growth pattern of an inflorescence may be monopodial (single main shoot axis), sympodial (growth only occurs from axillary meristems), or both. An inflorescence axis (PO:0020122) can be determinate or indeterminate. An inflorescence flower pedicel (PO:0009052) is the ultimate axis in an inflorescence. The flower (PO:0009046) of many plants, for example Magnolia spp., is solitary.
A phyllome that subtends a reproductive structure.
Usually different from leaves. Often used to refer to a floral bract, but includes other kinds of bracts.
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) that includes as parts the corolla (PO:0009059) and/or the calyx (PO:0009060); or one or more tepals (PO:0009033).
The perianth can consist of only the corolla (PO:0009059), only the calyx (PO:0009060) or it may have both structures in a complete flower. If the petals (PO:0009032) and sepals (PO:0009031) are indistinguishable from one another, the perianth consists of just a collective tepal structure (PO:0025021), composed of one or more tepals (PO:0009033), for example in tulip or lily flowers.
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) that is composed of one or more petals (PO:0009032), comprising the inner whorl of non-reproductive floral organs (PO:0025395) and surrounds the androecium (PO:0009061) and the gynoecium (PO:0009062).
The corolla (PO:0009059) is part of the perianth (PO:0009058). This definition is based on the complete flower, which has all four whorls. In many species, and in mutants one or more of the whorls may be missing. The corolla (PO:0009059) often functions to attract pollinators.
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) that is composed of one or more sepals (PO:0009031), and comprises the outer whorl of non-reproductive floral organs (PO:0025395).
The calyx is part of the perianth (PO:0009058). This definition is based on the perfect flower, which has all four whorls. In many species, and in mutants one or more of the whorls are missing.
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the stamens (PO:0009029) in a flower (PO:0009046).
androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (exact)
androecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow)
androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow)
androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow)
androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow)
androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow)
androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow)
The androecium also has as parts any staminodes (PO:0009077) that may be present in a flower. If annotating gene expression to an androecium with a single stamen (PO:0009029), the annotation should go on stamen. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). The development of an androecium in an ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state, while the development of an androecium in a tassel floret leads to a functional androecium.
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the carpels (PO:0009030) in a flower (PO:0009046).
gynoecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow)
gynoecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow)
gynoecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow)
gynoecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow)
gynoecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow)
gynoecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow)
gynoecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow)
gynoecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow)
If annotating gene expression to a gynoecium with a single carpel (PO:0009030), the annotation should go on carpel. A gynoecium with two or more carpels may be either syncarpous (carpels fused) or apopcarpous (carpels free) or the carpels may be partially fused. The word pistil is used synonymously with gynoecium for a synocarpous gynoecium, and synonymously with carpel for an apocarpous gynoecium, whether it has one or more carpels. In Zea mays, gynoecia of tassel florets and of the lower florets of ear spikelets usually do not develop fully, and they are present in a rudimentary state. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that is the pollen-bearing part of a stamen (PO:0009029).
Generally consists of four pollen sacs (microsporangia) in two anther thecas. If you are annotating to anther or one of its parts for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A stalk (PO:0025066) that is part of a stamen (PO:0009029).
Supports the anthers. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A microsporangium tapetum (PO:0025314) that is part of an anther wall (PO:0000002).
portion of anther wall tapetal tissue (exact)
Develops from a primary or secondary parietal cell layer. Innermost part of the anther wall, involved in the nutrition of the pollen. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is the basal portion of a carpel (PO:0009030) or group of fused carpels (gynoecium; PO:0009062) and encloses the plant ovule(s) (PO:0020003).
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001), usually apical, that is part of a carpel (PO:0009030) or group of fused carpels on which the pollen (PO:0025281) germinates.
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) which is an elongated part of a carpel (PO:0009030) or gynoecium (PO:0009062) between the plant ovary (PO:0009072) and the stigma (PO:0009073), and through which the pollen tube (GO:0090406) grows.
If you are annotating to this structure for grasses, please also add an annotation to spikelet floret (PO:0009082). For Zea spp. please use silk (PO:0006488).
A portion of plant tissue that is the covering of a seed derived from ovular - mainly integumentary - tissue.
Used only when not specified more precisely; see testa, tegmen.
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) which is a maximal portion of nutritive plant tissue in a seed (PO:0009010).
In angiosperms the endosperm is usually triploid and formed after fertilization by the fusion of one gamete with the polar nucleus (GO:0043078); sometimes diploid or polyploid.
A portion of placenta tissue (PO:0025078) which is part of a plant ovary (PO:0009072), and to which plant ovary ovules (PO:0025490) are attached.
A plant organ (PO:0009008) that has as parts a nucellus (PO:0020020) in which a female gametophyte (PO:0025279) is located, one or two integuments (PO:0020021), and a funicle (PO:0020006).
A seed (PO:0009010) develops from a plant ovule. In angiosperms, a plant ovule is part of a plant ovary (PO:0009072). In conifers, a plant ovule is part of an ovuliferous scale (add term). If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352).
The larger, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced after meiosis in the life cycle of a heterosporous plant, and on germination giving rise to the female gametophyte (embryo sac).
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that covers a plant ovule (PO:0020003), enveloping a nucellus (PO:0020020) and forming a micropyle (PO:0020025) at the apex.
If you are annotating to this structure for an angiosperm, please add an additional annotation to plant ovary ovule (PO:0025490). If you are annotating to this structure for an gymnosperm, please add an additional annotation to ovuliferous scale ovule (PO:0025491). If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352).
A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) formed at the first shoot node (PO:0005004) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or a seedling (PO:0000003).
An embryo root (PO:0000045) that is the basal continuation of a hypocotyl (PO:0020100) in a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or a seedling (PO:0000003).
May develop into the primary root (PO:0020127) and eventually the root system (PO:0025025) of an adult plant. Sometimes abortive.
A cardinal organ part that is an appendage at the base of a vascular leaf.
Usually one of a pair of appendages. May take the form of a spine (PO:0025174) or may be bristled or brush-like. Stipules may occur on the opposite side of the shoot axis from the leaf they are associated with, but they are still thought to arise from part of the leaf.
A leaf in which the lamina is undivided.
A leaf having two or more distinct leaflets that are evident as such from early in development.
A sporocyte (PO:0006204) that produces four haploid (1n) microspores (PO:0020048).
If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
The smaller, in general, of the two kinds of spores produced after meiosis in the life cycle of a heterosporous plant, and on germination giving rise to the male gametophyte.
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is one of the ultimate segments of a compound leaf (PO:0020043).
An embryo sac cell (PO:0025026) that is largest cell in a mature embryo sac (PO:0025074).
In most angiosperms, the embryo sac central cell contains two polar nuclei, and, after double fertilization, develops into an endosperm. In some angiosperms, such as Illicium, the embryo sac central cell contains a single polar nucleus. Embryo sac central cell is distinct from archegonium central cell (PO:0025509).
Cell, commonly three in number as in the eight-nucleate embryo sac, located at the other end of the embryo sac from the egg cell.
More or less persistent, multiplicative or not.
A gamete (PO:0025006) produced by an archegonium (PO:0025126) or an embryo sac (PO:0025074).
The plant egg cell (megagamete) is usually larger than the plant sperm cell (PO:0000084; microgamete).
A cardinal organ part that has as parts an egg cell and two synergids and is located at the micropylar end of the embryo sac.
aparato de la ooc&#233lula (Spanish, exact)
A spermatogenous cell (PO:0025525) of the microgametophyte (PO:0025280) that divides to produce two pollen sperm cells (PO:0025121).
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is the larger cell of a microgametophyte (PO:0025280) in seed plants. It does not divide further and develops into a pollen tube cell (PO:0025195).
A plant anatomical space that is a slit in an anther lobe formed from when a dehiscence zone dehisces.
Pollen may be released through the stomium. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) in the style of a carpel through which a pollen tube grows; it connects a stigma and the inside of an ovary.
porci&#243n del tejido de transmisi&#243n (Spanish, exact)
An embryonic plant structure at the base of a plant embryo that develops from an embryonic basal cell and connects an embryo proper to the wall of a megagametophyte.
The suspensor often allows the embryo to penetrate deep into the endosperm. Across plant species, suspensors are morphologically diverse and may be single- or multicellular, undifferentiated or highly differentiated, and variously shaped.
A root (PO:0009005) that develops from a lateral root primordium (PO:0000016) that is part of another root on the same plant.
A lateral root primordium may develops on any root, including a primary root (PO:0020127), on an existing lateral root (PO:0020121), or a shoot-borne root (PO:0000042). In seed plants, a lateral root primordium generally develops from pericycle cells (PO:0025261), but cells of an endodermis (PO:0000252) may also participate in its formation in some species. In ferns, lateral root primordia develop from the endodermis.
A portion of root parenchyma (PO:0025095) tissue that is part of the root tip (PO:0000025) and covers the root apical meristem (PO:0020147).
caliptra de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
Often composed of living and dead parenchyma cells. Protects the root apical meristem.
A root (PO:0009005) that develops directly from a seedling radicle (PO:0020127).
The first root of a plant. In dicots and gymnosperms it becomes the tap root, the central axis of a root system (PO:0025025).
A maximal portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) located at a shoot apex (PO:0000037) or root tip (PO:0000025).
A root meristem (PO:0006085) located at the root tip (PO:0000025), behind the root cap (PO:0020123).
meristema apical de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
In most cases, it is involved in root elongation.
A shoot system meristem (PO:0006079) formed at the apex of the shoot axis (PO:0025029), including those originating from an axillary bud meristem (PO:0000232).
meristema apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a root apical meristem (PO:0020147) and consists of mitotically and metabolically inactive cells and is located behind the protoderm (PO:0006210) of the root (PO:0009005).
centro de division de c&#233lulas del meristema (Spanish, exact)
If a root cap is present, the quiescent center is behind the root cap.
A cardinal part of multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025498) that is a proper part of a plant organ (PO:0009008) and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types.
parte de un &#243rgano cardinal (Spanish, exact)
Cardinal refers to the fact that these are biologically meaningful and not arbitrary parts. Examples include petiole (PO:0020038), lamina (PO:0025060), and leaflet (PO:0020049). See also collective organ part structure (PO:0025269), for plant structures composed of parts of multiple organs.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that has half the chromosome complement of the sporophyte and is capable of fertilization to create a plant zygote (PO:0000423).
A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and is composed of two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and the associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
estructura vegetal colectiva de &#243rgano (Spanish, exact)
Organs can be of the same type or different types. Examples include flower (PO:0009046), perianth (PO:0009058), and inflorescence (PO:0009049). See also collective organ part structure (PO:0025269), for plant structures composed of parts of multiple organs, but no complete plant organs. This was formerly named collective plant structure.
A whole plant (PO:0000003) that arises through meiosis and is contained in a spore wall.
A spore is usually single-celled in homosporous plants but may be multicellular in heterosporous plants. May have a spore wall (GO:0031160) made of sporopollenin.
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that consists of two or more phyllomes (PO:0006001) originating from the same node or from one or more adjacent nodes with compressed shoot internodes (PO:0005005).
estructura colectiva del filoma (Spanish, exact)
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that produces root meristems (PO:0006085), the plant structures (PO:0009011) that arise from them and the parts thereof.
Generally the below ground portion of a vascular plant.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of an embryo sac (PO:0025074).
c&#233lula megagametof&#237tica (Spanish, exact)
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009).
c&#233lula embri&#243nica vegetal (Spanish, exact)
A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006).
eje del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
Often bears leaves and branches. In vascular plants, has at least one node and one internode.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059).
c&#233lula del tejido fundamental (Spanish, exact)
Includes parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma cells.
A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is not associated with a reproductive structure.
Any portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) other than epidermis (PO:0005679) or vascular tissue (PO:0009015).
porci&#243n del tejido fundamental (Spanish, exact)
Develops from the ground meristem (PO:0025594).
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is elongated and sub-cylindrical to cylindrical and supports another cardinal organ part.
tallo de alto orden (secundario, terciario, etc) (Spanish, exact)
A megagametophyte (PO:0025279) that is located in a plant ovary ovule (PO:0025490).
Produces an embryo sac egg cell (PO:0025123).
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) at the interface between two plant structures, one of which is in a gametophyte development stage (PO:0028003) and one of which is in a sporophyte development stage (PO:0028002), and that has as parts transfer cells (PO:0000078).
The transfer cells aid in nutrient transport. Examples include ovary placenta (PO:0020001) and fruit placenta (PO:0004535).
A shoot system (PO:0009006) in the sporophytic phase that has as part at least one sporangium (PO:0025094).
sistema de brote reproductivo (Spanish, exact)
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is part of a plant structure and consists of a narrow band of cells that undergoes dehiscence upon maturation of the structure.
A plant organ (PO:0009008) in which plant spores (PO:0025017) are produced.
In bryophytes, particularly in mosses, a sporangium is referred to as a capsule. In seed plants, a sporangium is located in a sporophyll. In pteridophytes, a sporangium is located on the surface of a sporophyll or fertile leaf or borne on a sporangiophore. May be unicellular in some algae.
A portion of parenchyma tissue (PO:0005421) that is part of a root (PO:0009005).
par&#233nquima de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
A portion of phyllome epidermis (PO:0025157) that is part of a carpel (PO:0009030).
A portion of carpel epidermis (PO:0025096) that covers the abaxial surface of a carpel (PO:0009030). (broad)
A portion of phyllome epidermis (PO:0025157) that is part of a stamen (PO:0009029).
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is part of an plant embryo (PO:0009009).
estructura vegetal embri&#243nica (Spanish, exact)
Includes plant structures that only occur in embryos (such as suspensor) as well as plant structures that are part of an embryo when a plant is in the embryonic phase (such as embryonic radicle).
An anatomical space that is part of a plant.
espacio anat&#243mico vegetal (Spanish, exact)
CARO:0000005 'anatomical space' is defined as: An immaterial anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes, and is bounded by an anatomical surface.
A plant sperm cell (PO:0000084) that is part of the pollen (PO:0025281).
c&#233lula esperm&#225tica pol&#237nica (Spanish, exact)
Pollen sperm cells are structurally simple, usually non-motile cells that may contain a normal complement of cellular organelles, including heritable cytoplasmic organelles such as mitochondria and, in some plants, plastids, but lack a cell wall. In seed plants, pollen sperm cells are usually two in number. In angiosperms, during double fertilization, one fuses with the plant egg cell (PO:0020094) to produce a plant zygote (PO:0000423) while another fuses with the two polar nuclei of the embryo sac central cell (PO:0020090) to give rise to endosperm (PO:0009089). In angiosperms, the pollen sperm cell arises from the generative cell (PO:0020097). In gymnosperms, the pollen sperm cell arises from the body cell (PO:0025525).
A plant egg cell (PO:0020094) that is part of an egg apparatus (PO:0020096).
ooc&#233lula del saco embrionario (Spanish, exact)
The egg apparatus is part of an embryo sac (PO:0025074).
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that has as parts protoderm (PO:0006210) and sub-epidermal meristematic tissue and is committed to the development of a particular plant structure (PO:0009011).
A primordium appears as a protrusion and is the first distinct form of a plant organ (PO:0009008), cardinal organ part (PO:0025001), or collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007). The transition from a primordium to the plant structure it develops into is marked by the development of non-meristematic cells, although meristematic cells may be present after the transition.
A primordium (PO:0025127) that develops from a phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) and is part of a shoot apex (PO:0000037) and is committed to the development of a phyllome (PO:0006001).
portion of phyllome primordium tissue (exact)
The transition from phyllome primordium to phyllome occurs when the first non-meristematic tissue develops begins to develop.
An anatomical entity that is or was part of a plant.
entidad anat&#243mica vegetal (Spanish, exact)
Includes both material entities such as plant structures and immaterial entities such as plant anatomical spaces. CARO:0000000 'anatomical entity' is defined as: A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity aboove the level of a protein complex. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. Refers to BFO:0000004 'independent continuant'.
A portion of shoot system epidermis (PO:0006035) that is part of a phyllome (PO:0006001).
A portion of phyllome epidermis (PO:0025157) that is part of a bract (PO:0009055).
epidermis de la br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact)
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that forms a non-sclerified outgrowth from the epidermis (PO:0005679).
non-glandular multicelluar trichome (narrow)
non-secretory multicellular trichome (narrow)
A multicellular trichome (PO:0000282) has as parts more than one trichome cell (PO:0008030), may vary in size and complexity, be branched and may contain a secretory gland.
A plant epidermal cell (PO:0004013) that is part of a root epidermis (PO:0006036).
c&#233lula epid&#233rmica de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
A plant epidermal cell (PO:0004013) that is part of a shoot axis epidermis (PO:0000112).
c&#233lula epid&#233rmica del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
An epidermal pavement cell with a short protuberance.
See plant cell papilla (GO:0090395) for the subcellular component papilla.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that develops from a microgametophyte vegetative cell (PO:0020099) and forms a tubular extension of the pollen (PO:0025281).
c&#233lula del tubo pol&#237nico (Spanish, exact)
Carries the male gametes (PO:0025006) into or near the plant ovule (PO:0020003). May be branched in gymnosperms. See GO for pollen tube (GO:0090406) or pollen tube tip (GO:0090404).
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is the central column of a plant axis that consists of the primary vascular tissue and associated ground tissue.
If a pith is present, it is part of the stele, otherwise the stele only includes the primary vascular tissue and the ground tissue that surrounds it.
A sporangium in which megaspores are produced.
A sporangium (PO:0025094) in which microspores (PO:0020048) are produced.
An epidermal pavement cell that is part of a leaf epidermis.
c&#233lula de pavimento de la hoja (Spanish, exact)
A shoot apex that has as part a reproductive shoot apical meristem.
&#225pice reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A shoot apex PO:0000037) that has as part a vegetative shoot apical meristem (PO:0008016).
&#225pice vegetativo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact)
A cardinal organ part that is a part of a plant structure that splits apart when the structure dehisces.
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009).
portion of embryonic plant tissue (exact)
tejido embri&#243nico vegetal (Spanish, exact)
This class is for tissues that only occur as part of an embryo.
A septum (PO:0000030) that divides a multilocular plant ovary (PO:0009072).
Found in species with syncarpous gynoecia (fused carpels). A plant ovary septum is derived from the fused walls of two adjacent carpels, while a replum (PO:0005016) develops from early contact of placental tissue from opposite sides of the plant ovary. Annotations for Arabidopsis should go under replum, not under plant ovary septum.
A portion of fruit placenta tissue (PO:0004535) that divides a fruit (PO:0009001) into two or more chambers and develops from a plant ovary replum (PO:0025272).
A fruit replum develops from the ovary replum and has no suture line in its center, while a fruit septum (PO:0025262) develops from an ovary septum via the fusion of two adjacent ovary walls. Common in Brassicaceae. Annotations for Arabidopsis fruit should go here, and not under fruit septum. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to the specific type of fruit (PO:0009001), such as achene fruit (PO:0030107), berry fruit (PO:0030108), capsule fruit (PO:0030091), caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104), drupe fruit (PO:0030103), follicle fruit (PO:0030105), legume fruit (PO:0030100), nut fruit (PO:0030102), samara fruit (PO:0030099), schizocarp fruit (PO:0030098), silique fruit (PO:0030106), or their subclasses, depending on the species.
A septum that divides a cavity or mass of tissue in a fruit and develops from an ovary septum.
Annotations for Arabidopsis should go under fruit replum (PO:0025267), not under fruit septum. The partition between two fruit locules of an orange is a fruit septum. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to the specific type of fruit (PO:0009001), such as achene fruit (PO:0030107), berry fruit (PO:0030108), capsule fruit (PO:0030091), caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104), drupe fruit (PO:0030103), follicle fruit (PO:0030105), legume fruit (PO:0030100), nut fruit (PO:0030102), samara fruit (PO:0030099), schizocarp fruit (PO:0030098), silique fruit (PO:0030106), or their subclasses, depending on the species.
A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) composed of two or more cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001) that are part of adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
&#243rgano colectivo de una parte de la estructura (Spanish, exact)
A collective organ part structure is composed of parts of multiple organs, but no complete organs. The organ parts are often of the same type but may be of different types. Includes plant structures like a septum (PO:0000030) that consists of the walls of two fused carpels (PO:0009030) or a pseudostem (PO:0025248) that consist of multiple, overlapping leaf sheaths (PO:0020104). Unlike a collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007), a collective organ part structure does not contain any complete plant organs.
A portion of ovary placenta tissue (PO:0020001) which divides a plant ovary (PO:0009072) into two or more chambers, and develops from contact of the placental tissue from opposite sides of the plant ovary early in gynoecium development (GO:0048467).
replo (replum) del ovario (Spanish, exact)
An ovary replum develops along with the ovary and has no suture line in its center, while a true ovary septum (PO:0025262) is derived from the fusion two adjacent ovary walls. Common in Brassicaceae. Annotations for Arabidopsis should go here, and not under ovary septum.
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that undergoes differentiation to form the primary vascular tissue (PO:0025408).
May occur in an apical meristem or in a developing phyllome. Gives rise to the primary xylem and primary phloem. This term replaces PO:0006074.
A microsporangium that is part of a sporophyll and where the pollen grains develop and are located after they develop.
A pollen sac is a microsporangium in seed plants. In angiosperms, a single, unfused pollen sac may contain an anther locule or several pollen sacs may fuse so they contain a single anther locule. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
A whole plant in the gametophyte development stage (PO:0028003) that produces only plant egg cells (PO:0020094).
Megagametophytes in bryophytes only produce egg cells, but do not develop from megaspores, because there is no heterospory in bryophytes. In some pteridophytes, megagametophytes develop from megaspores. In angiosperms, Gnetum, and Weltwischia, the megagametophyte is greatly reduced. The megagametophyte in angiosperms is an embryo sac.
A whole plant (PO:0000003) in the gametophyte development stage (PO:0028003) that produces plant sperm cells (PO:0000084).
The microgametophyte in bryophytes only produce sperm cells, but do not develop from microspores, because there is no heterospory in bryophytes. In seed plants the male gametophyte is reduced to a pollen grain.
A microgametophyte (PO:0025280) that develops from a microspore (PO:0020048) is located in a pollen sac (PO:0025277).
A radicle (PO:0020031) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009).
rad&#237cula del embri&#243n (Spanish, exact)
May eventually develop into the root system (PO:0025025) of an adult plant. Sometimes is abortive.
A radicle (PO:0020031) that is part of a seedling (PO:0008037).
rad&#237cula de la pl&#225ntula (Spanish, exact)
Develops from an embryo radicle (PO:0025296). May develop into the root system (PO:0025025) of an adult plant.
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is composed of the outer layers of a sporangium (PO:0025094) and bounds the archesporium (PO:0030074) or plant spores (PO:0025017).
May have multiple layers such as exothecium, endothecium and tapetum. Early in development, the sporangium wall bounds the archesporium. Later, after spores develop from the archesporium, it bounds the spore or spores.
A sporangium wall (PO:0025306) that is part of a microsporangium (PO:0025202).
pared del microsporangio (Spanish, exact)
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) that is the inner-most layer of a sporangium wall (PO:0025306).
May function in providing nutrition to developing sporocytes or pollen. May have one or more layers of cells. May break down as spores mature. A tapetum does not develop in some plants, such as Psilotum. In angiosperms, the tapetum develops from one of the parietal layers. In non-seed plants, the tapetum may develop from the outer cells of archesporium or from the inner-most layer of the sporangium wall. The tapetum may be one of two types ameboid or secretory/glandular.
An tapetum (PO:0025313) that is part of a microsporangium wall (PO:0025307).
tapeto del microsporangio (Spanish, exact)
A maximal whole plant development stage.
vida de la planta entera (Spanish, exact)
There are only two types of life of whole plant. Every life of a whole plant is either a maximal gametophyte stage or a maximal sporophyte stage.
A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a collective plant structure (PO:0025497).
etapa de desarrollo de una estructura colectiva de la planta (Spanish, exact)
Includes flower development stage (PO:0007615), corolla development stage (PO:0007604), and inflorescence development stage (PO:0001083).
collective plant organ structure development stage
A plant organ (PO:0009008) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046).
Includes phyllomes such as anthers and petals, as well as shoot axes such as androphores and gynophores.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a portion of phloem tissue (PO:0005417), has sieve areas in its walls, and lacks a nucleus in its mature protoplast.
Sieve elements function mainly in longitudinal conduction of organic solutes. Classified into sieve cells (PO:0025415) and sieve tube elements (PO:0000289) based on the presence of sieve plates and specialization of sieve areas in different parts of the cell. Develops from either a cambial initial (PO:0000295), a phloem mother cell (PO:0000400), or a cell of the procambium (PO:0025275).
A sieve element (PO:0025406) in which the sieve areas are not aggregated into sieve plates (GO:0097218).
Sieve areas in sieve cells generally have narrow pores and thin connecting strands, and they are not highly specialized, but instead are fairly uniform throughout the cell wall. Typical of gymnosperms and non-seed vascular plants such as ferns. Differ from sieve tube elements, which have sieve plates and more pronounced specialization of sieve areas.
A portion of phloem tissue (PO:0005417) that has as parts a series of sieve tube elements (PO:0000289) arranged end to end and interconnected through sieve plates.
A sieve plate is part of a sieve tube member.
A portion of xylem (PO:0005352) tissue that has as parts a tube-like series of vessel members (PO:0002003), the common walls of which have perforations.
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and will give rise to a phyllome primordium (PO:0025128).
The phyllome anlagen is only detectable by gene expression, not morphology.
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a vascular leaf primordium (PO:0000017) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148).
This is the region where you have the maximum concentration of auxin in the SAM (at least in a few species that have been studied).
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a cotyledon primordium (PO:0000015) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362).
precursor de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact)
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is committed to the development of a root primordium (PO:0005029).
Only detectable by gene expression, not morphology. May arise in a pericycle (PO:0006203), as for lateral roots in most seed plants, an endodermis (PO:0000252), as for lateral roots in ferns, or from parenchyma cells (PO:0000074) that are part a shoot axis (PO:0025029), in the case of a basal root (PO:0025002) or shoot-borne root (PO:0000042).
A xylem vessel member (PO:0002003) that is part of a primary xylem tissue (PO:0005849).
elemento vaso del xilema primario (Spanish, exact)
A xylem vessel (PO:0025417) that is part of a primary xylem tissue (PO:0005849).
vaso del xilema primario (Spanish, exact)
A primordium (PO:0025127) that is committed to the development of a floral organ (PO:0025395) and is part of a reproductive shoot apex (PO:0025222).
floral structure primordia (exact, plural)
portion of floral structure primordium tissue (exact)
primordio de organo floral (Spanish, exact)
If annotating to a primordium of a floral structure, it is better to use the more specific term, such as petal primordium (PO:0000021) or anther primordium (PO:0006089).
A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an androecium (PO:0009061).
portion of androecium primordium tissue (exact)
primordium del androecio (Spanish, exact)
Use stamen primordium (PO:0004705) for the primordium (PO:0025127) of an individual stamen (PO:0009029).
A root primordium (PO:0005029) that is committed to the development of a shoot-borne root (PO:0000042).
portion of shoot-borne root primordium tissue (exact)
primordio del eje del epiblasto de la ra&#237z (Spanish, exact)
Transition from shoot-borne root primordium to shoot-borne root occurs with the formation of a root cap (PO:0020123), shortly after the development of a root apical meristem (PO:0020147).
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a bract primordium (PO:0025487) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a reproductive shoot apical meristem (PO:0008028).
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a petal primordium (PO:0000021) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229).
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a sepal primordium (PO:0004704) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229).
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a stamen primordium (PO:0004705) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229).
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025487) that is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009055).
portion of bract primordium tissue (exact)
primordio de la br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact)
A plant ovule (PO:0020006) that is part of a plant ovary (PO:0009072).
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that has as parts two or more portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single structural unit demarcated by primarily bona-fide boundaries from other structural units of different types.
estructura vegetal con m&#250ltiples tejidos (Spanish, exact)
Most multi-tissue plant structures have at least a small connection to other plant structures via a fiat boundary, such as where a leaf (PO:0025034) connects to a shoot axis (PO:0025029), a petal (PO:0009032) connects to a receptacle (PO:0009064), or a branch (PO:0025073) connects to a stem (PO:0009047). Refers to CARO:0000055 multi-tissue structure, def'n: Anatomical structure that has as parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types, and which through specific morphogenetic processes, form a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundries from other structural units of differnt types.
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003) and includes two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) or adjacent cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001), along with any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
estructura vegetal colectiva (Spanish, exact)
This is a parent term to describe both collective organ part structure (PO:0025269) (e.g. septum), as well as collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) (which was formerly named collective plant structure), for example shoot system (PO:0009006).
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) and includes portions of plant tissues (PO:0009007) of at least two different types.
parte cardinal de estructura vegetal con m&#250ltiples tejidos (Spanish, exact)
複数の組織からなる植物構造の基本（主要）部分 (Japanese, exact)
Includes cardinal parts of plant organs (PO:0025001) as well as parts of other multi-tissue plant structures. Cardinal refers to the fact that these are biologically meaningful and not arbitrary parts. Most cardinal parts of multi-tissue plant structures have both fiat and bona-fide boundaries, including parts with large fiat boundaries, such as leaf base (PO:0020040) or fruit distal end (PO:0008001), and parts with primarily bona-fide boundaries, such as leaflet (PO:0020049).
cardinal part of multi-tissue plant structure
An shoot epidermal pavement cell (PO:0000332) that is part of sepal epidermis (PO:0006040) and is approximately one fifth the length of a sepal (PO:0009031).
Compare to other epidermal pavement cells that are approximately one hundredth of the length of a sepal (PO:0009031). In Arabidopsis, sepal giant epidermal cells arise by DNA endoreplication (GO:0042023) and have high DNA content (up to 16C).
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that gives rise to one or more plant sperm cells (PO:0000084).
In liverworts, hornworts and mosses the spermatogenous cell gives rise to a single, biflagellated, antheridium sperm cell (PO:0025120). In angiosperms please use the generative cell (PO:0020097) and in gymnosperms use the body cell (PO:0025526).
A spermatogenous cell (PO:0025525) of the microgametophyte (PO:0025280) that divides to produce a vegetative cell (PO:0020099) and the pollen sperm cell (PO:0025121).
A collective plant organ structure development stage (PO:0025338) that begins with the onset of the plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) and ends with either gametophyte senescent stage (PO:0025343) or sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017) or death.
The shoot system (PO:0009006) develops fron the shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) in the plant embryo (PO:0009009) in vascular plants. In lower plants the gametophore (PO:0030018) arises from a gametophore meristematic apical cell (PO:0030019) in the protonema (PO:0030003).
A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a bud (PO:0009006).
A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082).
reproductive shoot system development stage
A ground tissue cell (PO:0000076) that is part of a bundle sheath (PO:0006023).
celula de la vaina del haz vascular (Spanish, exact)
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of the tapetum (PO:0025313).
The tapetum is the inner-most layer of a sporangium wall (PO:0025306).
A tapetum cell (PO:0025543) that is part of a microsporangium tapetum (PO:0025314).
c&#233lula del tapete del microsporangio (Spanish, exact)
A microsporangium tapetum cell (PO:0025544) that is part of the anther wall tapetum (PO:0009071).
célula de la pared del tapete de la antera (Spanish, exact)
A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that gives rise to a portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059).
A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is either part of a multicellular whole plant (PO:0000003) 'in vivo' or a unicellular organism 'in natura' (i.e. part of a natural environment).
A native plant cell is one that is not grown or maintained in vitro, nor part of an in vitro plant structure (PO:0000004).
A whole plant development stage (PO:0007033) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003) during the interval between fertilization (or apogamy) and death.
A whole plant (PO:0000003) in the sporophyte development stage usually has twice the chromosome complement of a plant in the gametophytic phase, but may not in the case of apogamy. Examples of apogamy include both naturally occurring instances (such as sporophytes arising form haploid cells as in bryophytes or ferns) as well as in vitro instances (such as haploid embryo culture or in vitro fusion of non-gamete cells or protoplasts). During the sporophyte development stage, a plant may produce meiospores by meiosis.
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that divides to gives rise to a sporocyte (PO:0006204) and is part of a sporangium (PO:0025094).
c&#233lula arquesporial (Spanish, exact)
May also give rise to sterile cells such as elators (in liverworts) or tapetal cells. In most species outside seed plants, multiple archesporial cells are part of an archesporium or sporogenous tissue.
A portion of plant epidermis (PO:0005679) that is the outermost layer of a sporangium wall (PO:0025306).
Develops from the outermost layer of an amphithecium in bryophytes.